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今天新航道SAT频道小编为大家整理了SAT语法冲刺阶段的相关内容,供大家参考,以下是详细内容:
“不观高悬,何以知巅坠之患?不临深渊,何以知没溺之患?不观巨海,又何以知风波之患?”SAT一月考试战火未退,三月,五月和六月的考试又悄然逼近。要知道出题方非等闲之辈,随着国际考生的激烈竞争趋势,题目类型虽万变不离其宗,可也时有阴险,沼泽丛生。本次,正值考试的冲刺阶段,笔者欲就一些语法方面看似简单,但容易步入陷阱的题目为广大考生做个温馨提示,为助大家一臂之力!
1. 逻辑词中有搭配
Improving Sentence 一般属于重点抢分部分,我们一般要求做过完整复习的考生在考试时能够尽量获得满分。可总有一些意想不到的绊脚石存在。大家且翻到OG 470/10
For all their talk about ecology, major companies have so far spent very little to fight pollution.
A) For all their talk
B) In spite of the fact of their having talked
C) Besides their having talked
D) In addition to their talking
E) Although there is talk between one and the other
根据此题的划线部分或通过比较选项,我们能轻易得知首先须判断句子前后的逻辑。根据前后的暗示词比如talk about, spent little(说过但做得少), 我们得知是前后是相反的,而绝非因果类或递进类的关系。因此考生会认为符合选项的只有B和E, 因为A,C,D 选项分别表示了因果和层进的关系。可是这样的判断却又让考生陷入了stalemate (僵局),因为我们曾重点提示过大家:SAT语法中的选项必须符合简洁原则,B和E选项无论怎样看都过于冗余和累赘。学生一筹莫展,到底正确的选项会是哪个呢?答案是A! 原封不动,完全没错。“元芳你怎么看?”“此事必有蹊跷!”在此必须指出这个看似简单逻辑题的小机关:其实for all 就等于in spite of,despite. 这是固定搭配。代入一看,A选项的确又简洁又准确(尽管他们对生态问题夸夸其谈,迄今却很少支出在打击污染方面)。例如我们也可以造句来加深印象:for all his wealth and fame, he led a life of solitude. (尽管他有钱有名,却生活地非常孤独。)
2. “简洁原则”有例外
Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he failed to keep either of them after the election. ( Online Course 1,Section 7, 9)
A. Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he
B. The candidate, having promised both to cut taxes and improve services,
C. Although the candidate made promises both to cut taxes and improve services, he
D. Having promised, first, to cut taxes and, second, to improve services, the candidate
E. The candidate's promises were both to cut taxes and improve services, he
此题读下来逻辑顺畅,的确是让步的关系。笔者欲提醒考生,一般原题中的逻辑词是正确的话,逻辑词需保留,为体现句子之逻辑性。因此B不正确,D太繁琐,E选项是RUN-ON SENTENCE, 答案被锁定在A和C选项。此时同学很容易根据“简洁原则”(promise to do比make promise to do 简单)而觉得A就是正确答案。其实不然。要知道在“简洁原则”之前还有“准确原则”,先要判断它是否表达地对,才能判断其是否简洁。如果对也不对,谈何简洁?在笔者教授SAT的过程中经常发现学生对于知识体系的理解过于片面或不完整,造成其考试时候的一重大败笔,失分严重。在此笔者建议大家为了提高正确率,谨慎起见,当二中择一时能回看下原题干,它才会给你最可靠的暗示。而所谓的“黄金法则” 并非所有场合都能奏效。于是回看原文,尤其看未划线的部分,我们一目了然,正确答案确定无疑,是C选项。因为后文中有个关键词them. 代词一般只能指代名词,而不可指代cut taxes或improve services这样的动作。那么只有选择C中的make promises both to cut taxes and improve services, 用以指代promises.
3. “平行”有时不对称
Katarina could not be certain whether the voice she heard on the recording was her uncle or someone else who speaks with a heavy German accent.(2011.5/section 5,11)
A. uncle or someone else
B. uncle or that of someone else
C. uncle’s or someone else
D. uncle’s or that of someone else
E. uncle’s or someone else’s
根据题干我们知道在这里比较的对象是VOICE, 所以可以将选项锁定在D和E中。又有同学会根据“平行对称原则”毅然选择E选项。因此煮熟的鸭子也会飞走,快到手的分数悄悄滑落。此题和上题的陷阱制造思路有异曲同工之妙。刚才笔者已经提过,黄金法则就如同金钱一样,不是所有场合都是,谨慎起见回看原文我们又发现此事蹊跷之地,划线部分后面有个WHO speaks with a German accent(那个有着浓重德国口音的人),如若选择E选项,who 就不能修饰前面的someone else’s 。因此正确选项是D。虽然看似不太平行,可它却是完全准确的。
4. 指代“人”“物”有区分
接着我们来讲讲IE考题,从“指代考点”切入,看看某些陷阱所在。指代的出题思路一般比较统一,比如单复数问题,人称混淆问题,主宾混淆问题,以及模糊指代,空指代的问题。是一个大项考点。且看Princeton练习书中一道不错的题目,
The white dwarf, a type of star who (A) is unusually faint, has a mass equivalent to(B) that of the Sun even though(C) the white dwarf is approximately the same size as Earth(D). No error (E)
阅读了整个句子之后你一定会发现white dwarf在和EARTH地球以及SUN太阳比较,其实WHITE DWARF在此不表示矮人而表示白矮星,star当然也不表示明星,那自然也不能用A选项的WHO来修饰啦。类似的小词还考过很多,比如turncoat不解释为翻过来的衣服,而解释为背叛者,变节者;roadrunner不解释为陆地上跑步的人,而表示一种鸟:走鹃;running back 不表示往后跑的动作,而表示美式橄榄球中的跑卫……到底是人还是物,用who 还是用which来指代,希望大家能耐心读完句子之后再做判断,即使不能确定这个词的意思。而千万不能由于时间紧迫,随意做粗浅判断。
说到这里,又有一经典指代题闪入笔者脑海:
At least one course in statistics is recommended for them (A) who plan to become (B) journalists,because they will often need to evaluate whether information based on (C) statistics is dependable(D). No error(E) (2011.1 S7,14)
粗心的同学又会“中招”啦!for 后面加宾格的确没错,但是读完整句我们会知道A选项应该充当从句的主语部分,因此改成those 较为恰当。
小结:
上述题目并没有令人望而生畏的难词,也没有花里胡哨的句式,称不上所谓的“难题”。出题方只是在尽其所能考察同学critical thinking的思路。区别于基础以及强化阶段对知识点的巩固,在冲刺阶段,提醒考生应具备以深入透彻犀利的眼光来剖析问题,解决问题,对整个知识体系,所有的考点有完备的套路。切勿盲目轻信网上未经过滤的“不完整归纳”解答而导致思维混乱。正所谓“百明之星,不如一月之光。”新航道会尽量给你带来中肯的建议和解答,力求做到“百密无一疏”。望广大考生处晦而观明,处静而观动,拨云雾而睹青天!
以上就是新航道SAT频道为大家整理的SAT语法冲刺阶段:简单题中时有蹊跷,希望对大家有帮助,更多资讯、资料请访问新航道SAT频道http://www.xhd.cn/sat/