袁隆平(1930-)，农学家、杂交水稻育种导师。1953 年西南农学院农学系毕业。历任研究员、湖南杂交水稻研究中心主任、湖南农科院名誉院长、国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心主任，1995 年当选为中国工程院院士。

 

　　袁隆平长期从事杂交水稻育种理论研究和制种技术实践。1964 年首先提出培育“不育系、保持系、恢复系”三系法利用水稻杂种优势的设想并进行科学实验。1970 年，与其助手李必湖和冯克珊在海南发现一株花粉败育的雄性不育野生稻，成为突破“三系”配套的关键。1972 年育成中国个大面积应用的水稻雄性不育系“二九南一号A”和相应的保持系“二九南一号B”，次年育成了个大面积推广的强优组合“南优二号”，并研究出整套制种技术。1986 年提出杂交水稻育种分为“三系法品种间杂种优势利用、两系法亚种间杂种优势利用到一系法远缘杂种优势利用”的战略设想。被同行们誉为“杂交水稻之父”

 

　　Key words：agriculturist father of hybrid rice

 

　　Yuan Longping(1930-)

 

　　"I saw rice plants as tall as Chinese sorghum,” said Yuan Longping of a dream he once had, “each ear of rice as big as a broom and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. I could hide in the shadow of the rice crops with a friend." Born into a poor farmer's family in 1931 and a graduate from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953, Yuan began his teaching career at an agriculture school in Anjiang, Hunan Province.

 

　　He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice in the 1960s, when a series of natural disasters and inappropriate policies had plunged China into an unprecedented famine that caused many deaths. Since then, he has devoted himself to the research and development of a better rice breed. In 1964, he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others. Greatly encouraged, he began to study the elements of this particular type. In 1973, in cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages. It yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones.

 

　　The next year their research made a breakthrough in seeding. They successfully developed a set of technologies for producing indica (long-grained non-glutinous) rice, putting China in the lead worldwide in rice production. For this achievement, he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice."

 

　　In 1979, theirtechnique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States, the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of new China.

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