在雅思口语Part2的考试中,一个好的开场白往往能迅速抓住考官的注意力,为后续的表述奠定良好基础。许多考生都会准备一些雅思口语开头通用句,以便在考场上游刃有余。本文将从开场方式、口语表达技巧以及发音改善三个方面,为大家提供实用的备考建议。
1.雅思口语Part2回答的开场方式
1、提到考官,使之与话题联系在一起
在谈到“Describe a hobby you have”这一话题时,一位考生是这样开场的:
Today I am going to talk about collecting postcards―a hobby that is bothfascinating and financially rewarding. I would like to explain the basic kindsof collectible postcards, why they are so valuable, and how collectors buy andsell their cards.
而另一位考生则给出了不一样的开场白:
It’s Saturday morning, and you are helping clean out your grandmother’shouse. After working a while, you stumble upon a trunk, open it, and discoverhundreds of old postcards. Thinking about getting to your driving lesson ontime, you start tossing the cards into the trash can. Congratulations! You havejust thrown away a year’s tuition.
对比之后,我们很快就发现,第二位考生的开场白效果比第一位考生的开场白好,因为它很好地将考官融入进来,抓住了考官的兴趣点,使之后主干部分的陈述更为顺利。
2、强调话题的重要性
在谈到“Describe a traffic jam you had experiencedbefore”这一话题时,一位考生的开场白值得大家借鉴:
Traffic jams are more than a nuisance. They are a worldwide economicproblem. In Guangzhou alone, they cost 12 million yuan each year. In major U.S.cities, they are responsible for more than 21 billion liters of wasted fuel and68 billion dollars in lost productivity. Traffic jams will soon cost the Britisheconomy more than 20 billion pounds sterling a year.
这个开场白很好地运用了数据,强调了交通堵塞在经济问题中扮演的重要角色,有效地吸引了考官的眼球。
3、让考官惊讶
As I speak today, there is a silent killer hiding near here. Who is thissilent killer? Not a robber. Not a thief. Not a criminal. It is high bloodpressure.
这样的开场白不仅让考官产生兴趣,也为后面描述为什么喜欢户外活动打下基础。
4、引起考官的好奇心
在描述“hobby”这个话题时,比起说“Today, I’m going to talk aboutXiangqi.”,不如试试以下一位考生的开场白,他很好地运用技巧,引起了考官的好奇心:
Every day, fierce battles take place in public parks throughout China.Generals move their soldiers against the enemy. Horses, chariots, cannons, evenelephants are used in the pursuit of victory. No quarter is given when thelosing general is captured. And yet, no lives are lost. No nations areconquered. The battles are fought on chessboards, and they reflect the Chinesepeople’s love of Xiangqi.
5、向考官提问
作为考生,我们要认真听清考官的所有问题,但在Part2的开场白中,我们也可以向考官提出一些问题,引起他们的兴趣,但是我们切忌不能要求考官回答我们提出的问题,这些问题必须是不必回答的问题。如“Doyou know what is your most valuable possession?”,“Do you know how many townshipenterprises are started each year in China?”等。请看一位考生在描述“a usefulskill”这个话题时的开场白:
Have you ever spent a sleepless night writing a report for your boss? Canyou remember rushing to finish a project because you waited too long to start?Do you often feel overwhelmed by all the things you have to get done? If so, youmay be the victim of poor time management. Fortunately, there are provenstrategies you can follow to use your time effectively and to keep control ofyour life.
6、 用引言开头
用来开头的引言,可以是名人说过的话,也可以是自己熟悉的人说过的话。一位考生在描述“your futureplan”时,用马克・吐温的一句话来开场:
Mark Twain once said: “Predictions are very difficult to make―especiallywhen they involve the future.”
而另一位考生在描述“an animal”这个话题时,同样运用了引言。与之前那位考生不同的是,他引用的是他叔叔说过的话:
“It is a moment I will always cherish, I was at the mouth of the MinjiangRiver, when I saw a Chinese crested tern―one of the rarest birds on Earth. I wasso excited I could barely keep my binoculars from shaking.” These words comefrom my uncle, a member of the Fujian Bird Watching Society.
7、用故事开头
一位考生在讲到一次令人难忘的经历时,讲述了四川大地震这一惨痛的经历。在此之前,他用了一个小故事作为开头,自然而贴切:
Lin Hao was only 9 years old when the Sichuan earthquake struck YingxiuTownship. He was in school with 30 other students, but only 10 escaped from thebuilding. Risking his own life, Lin Hao went back to the rubble and pulled twoof his classmates to safety.
但是值得注意的是,用故事开头一定要简短,切忌不能太长,否则会造成本末倒置。
2.雅思口语的说法
1、多用副词,例如exactly, basically, really这些副词可以加强或者缓和语气,更准确的表达我们的真实想法。例如:
That’s exactly what I want!
Where are you going exactly?
So basically, there’s not a lot I can do about it。
The more expensive articles are not necessarily better。
2、当你想说most of… 的时候,不妨改口成tend to,词汇量有没有显得多一些!
Most Chinese people cook at home instead of dining out. 就可以说成Chinese people tend to cook at home.
3、口语答案里面呢,要有意识的尽可能抛弃very,一种方法是用pretty替代,另一种就直接用个更的形容词。例如:
That performance was pretty impressive。
I’m pretty sure about that。
还有instead of saying “very angry”, you can use the word “furious”。
那同理,如果我们想表达a little + adj.,也可以找到相应的更传神的形容词,例如:
tipsy = a little drunk
4、提到形容词,我们可以先把他们分成两类:褒义贬义。
那“广谱”的褒义词就是经常说的fantastic,awesome,terrific,fabulous,fascinating。“广谱”的贬义词呢,就是awful,terrible,horrible等等。
当我们在形容好东西坏东西的时候,当然可以用这些词,不过其实对于具体的事物,是有相应的形容词来搭配的,就像我们中文里,“景色真好”和“景色让我心旷神怡”文采是不一样滴!所以,平时注意积累这些形容词,会给你加分不少。例如:
形容食物:delish,inviting,mouth-watering,scrumptious等等。
形容风景:picturesque,breathtaking,magnificent等等。
5、形容词前加副词,也是不错的应急措施哦,如果实在想不到高大上的形容词了,就用一个副词来加强一下情感吧。例如:
She’s shockingly beautiful。
It’s an outrageously expensive meal。
6、同学们在回答考官问题的时候,其实自己也觉得说个No很伤感情,那怎么能用比较不伤感情的语言表达同样的意思呢,下面的几句可以记一下:
Does your school have diving classes?
Not that I’m aware of, no。
(至少)我不知道。(潜台词:可能有,不过我不知道。)
Have you ever had the experience when you watched the sky for a long time?
Not that I can think of, no。
Do you love nature?
Well, not really. I’m more of an indoor person。
7、考场上“mean”要用起来。
“I mean”可以用来解释刚刚自己抛出去的话,比如,在解释自己最不喜欢的电影的时候可以说:
That movie was so boring, I mean, nothing happened for the first hour!
这个也可以有很灵活的变体:and by… I mean…,比如:
He has a gorgeous wife, and by wife I mean mistress. (此例子完全为了解释用法…)
3.雅思口语发音的弱势
“Pronunciation”作为雅思口语四大评分标准之一有着举足轻重的作用。相对于流利度、连贯性、词汇和语法,评分标准中对于语音的描述是最少的,甚至九个分数段中有实质性描述的只有四个分数段,其余的分数段也都是以这四个描述为参考来评分。
但是,在雅思口语考试必须与考官互动的特定模式下,发音的正确与否,标准与否,最能直接影响到考官对考生的印象和理解。不可否认的是,不论是雅思口语,还是新托福口语,只要是练习英语口语,都常常会存在很多语音问题。在此不是专门来做语音方面的研究,而是就考生们平时易犯的发音错误以及习惯性的发音错误作出总结,以便考生们能够查漏补缺,及时更正。
综上所述,掌握多样化的开场方式、丰富的表达技巧以及准确的发音,是雅思口语成绩的关键。希望考生们在平时练习中多尝试不同的雅思口语开头通用句,并结合自身实际情况加以改进,最终在考场上自信发挥。
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