雅思阅读材料之女人吸二手烟易患乳腺癌

　Health risk: The earlier a woman starts smoking, the greater her risk, and it remains high for 20 years after she has given up. Women who have smoked are at greater risk of developing breast cancer in later life – even if they gave up the habit decades earlier. According to a study, women are 16 per cent more likely to suffer from the disease after the menopause – when most cases are diagnosed – if they smoke. The earlier a woman starts smoking, the greater her risk, and it remains high for 20 years after she has given up。

　　香烟带给社会的危害、带给我们身体的伤害，已经早不是一个新话题引起社会的重视了，但是随着“女烟民”的数量越来越多，香烟对于女性群体的身体伤害又作为一个研究课题摆在了人们面前，我们都知道，女烟民的烟龄越早，香烟带给她们的危害，造成身体上的损害就越大，即使戒掉了，这种伤害一会在她身上维持20年。导师警告说，女烟民患上乳腺癌的机率非常高，即使她们在很早就戒烟了，吸烟带来的坏处会伴随她们的后半生，至少维持20年。

　　Overall, if she has smoked she is 9 per cent more likely to develop the disease, according to the U.S. research. The study also suggests that decades of passive smoking increases the risk of breast cancer by 32 per cent, particularly if the exposure occurred during childhood. Around 46,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in the UK each year, and one in eight British women will develop the disease during their lifetime。

　　总的来说，根据美国研究调查发现，女烟民有9%的机率患上乳腺癌，调查还指出了“被动吸烟”带来的害处，特别是被动吸烟长达数10年的女性，患上乳腺癌的机率达到32%，导师还指出，女性倘若在儿童时期被动吸烟，她们患上乳腺癌的机率会更大。每年，大约有4万多英国民众患上乳腺癌，八分之一的英国妇女在她们的一生中会不同程度地处于该病的发展状态。

　　The highest breast cancer risk was found among women who had smoked for 50 years or more. Those who started smoking as teenagers were also at high risk. And the study suggests a 32 per cent raised risk among non-smoking women exposed to extensive passive smoking. Dr Margolis said: ‘Our findings highlight the need for interventions to prevent initiation of smoking, especially at an early age.’ Dr Rachel Greig, Senior Policy Officer at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said: ‘The study suggests the earlier you start smoking and the longer you continue to do so, the higher your chance of developing breast cancer. We encourage all women not to smoke.’

　　据悉，烟龄达到50年的女性烟民，患乳腺癌的机率是的。那些年少就吸烟的女烟民也同时具有患病的高风险。此外，32%的被动吸烟的女性(非烟民)也有患上乳腺癌的风险。医生Dr Margolis 说：“这个数据警示我们一个很严肃的问题，过早吸烟不可取，吸烟后患无穷。我们希望女性离香烟越远越好。”