雅思阅读材料之似乎学历越高血压就越低

THE GIST

        * A new study found that the more advanced degrees a person has, the lower their blood pressure.

        * The link persisted even after controlling for influences such as smoking, drinking and obesity.

 

要点

* 新研究发现一个人的学历越高，他的血压就越低。

* 甚至在考虑了其他如吸烟，喝酒及肥胖等因素后这一关联还是存在

 

    The more advanced degrees a person has, the lower their blood pressure, a study published online has found. An analysis of some 4,000 patient records from the 30-year Framingham Offspring Study found that, controlling only for age, women with 17 years or more of education -- a master's degree or doctorate -- had systolic blood pressure readings 3.26 millimeters of mercury lower than female high school drop-outs. Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that were 2.26 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) lower than their counterparts who did not finish high school, the study, published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health, says.

 

一份在线发表的研究发现，一个人的学历越高，他的血压就越低。一项对30年佛明罕（Framingham）后代研究中约4000份病历的分析显示，在只考虑年龄因素的情况下，拥有17年及以上教育经历的女性--硕士或者博士学位--其收缩压比高中肄业的女性低3.26毫米汞压。这份在线发表在BMC公共卫生开放杂志的研究表示，上过研究生院的男性的收缩压比同类高中肄业的男性低2.26毫米汞压。

 

    The same inverse relationship between education and blood pressure was also seen, although to a lesser degree, in men and women who got associate's or bachelor's degrees at university but did not continue on to graduate school. They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school drop-outs but lesser benefits than holders of master's degrees or doctorates, the study found. Even after controlling for influences such as smoking, drinking, obesity and blood pressure medication, the benefits persisted, although at a lower level.

 

在那些获得副学士或学士学位后没有继续攻读研究生院的男性和女性中，也可以看到学位与血压之间同样的反比关系，尽管程度轻一点。这项研究显示，学位给他们的血压带来的益处比高中肄业的人要多，但比硕士或博士学位获得者要少。甚至在考虑了其他如吸烟，喝酒，肥胖及血压药物治疗等因素后，这些益处，尽管水平较低，仍然存在。

 

    The study could help explain the widely documented association in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease, said lead author Eric Loucks, an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island. Blood pressure is "one of the biological underpinnings of heart disease," said Loucks, urging policy-makers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education.

 

艾瑞克·劳克斯（Eric Loucks），一位罗德岛布朗大学公共卫生的助理教授，表示这项研究可以帮助解释在发达国家广泛记录的教育与低心脏疾病风险之间的关联。血压是“心脏疾病的生物学基础之一”，劳克斯说，并督促那些想要改善公共健康的决策者们考虑提高受教育的机会。

 

    The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic blood pressure because "systolic hypertension is substantially more common than diastolic hypertension, and systolic blood pressure contributes more to the global disease burden attributable to hypertension than diastolic blood pressure."

 

这份研究着重于收缩压而不是舒张压，因为“收缩性高血压远比舒张性高血压常见，而且全球健康风险中的高血压大多由收缩压导致。”

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