考研英语的阅读理解部分是考试的重心，也是广大学生的备考重点，而且阅读理解重视的是文章的篇章结构和上下文逻辑关系，考生可以通过对历年真题阅读理解的分析，总结出出题的思路及解题技巧。下面新航道考研小编给大家带来了2023考研英语一阅读真题Text1 Para.4，希望在最后的考研冲刺阶段对大家有帮助。
第四段
①In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). ②So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. ③And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. ④Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.在僧帽猴的世界里，葡萄是奢侈品（而且比黄瓜更受欢迎）。因此，当一只猴子用它的代币换取了一颗葡萄时，第二只猴子却不愿意用自己的代币换取哪怕是仅仅一片黄瓜。如果，一只猴子不需要用代币就能得到一颗葡萄，那么，另一只猴子，要么将代币扔（砸）向研究人员或者直接扔出房间，要么拒绝接受那片黄瓜。事实上，仅仅是在另一个房间里放上一颗葡萄（没有任何猴子来吃它），这就足以引起雌僧帽猴的怨恨。
①In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers).在僧帽猴的世界里，葡萄是奢侈品（而且比黄瓜更受欢迎）。
grape n. 葡萄
luxury n. 奢侈；奢侈品。—— luxurious adj. 奢侈的；豪华的
preferable adj. 更好的；更受欢迎的
②So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.因此，当一只猴子用它的代币换取了一颗葡萄时，第二只猴子却不愿意用自己的代币换取哪怕是仅仅一片黄瓜。
when部分是时间状语从句：when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token
in exchange for：作为...的交换
主句部分：the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber
reluctant adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的
hand over：交出
mere adj. 仅仅的
③And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.如果，一只猴子不需要用代币就能得到一颗葡萄，那么，另一只猴子，要么将代币扔（砸）向研究人员或者直接扔出房间，要么拒绝接受那片黄瓜。
if部分是条件状语从句：if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all,
provide vt. 提供
主句部分：the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.
either...or...：要么...要么...。
这里的第一个or是连词，不是either的or，第二个才是。
toss vt. 仍；掷
toss out of：扔出去
④Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.事实上，仅仅是在另一个房间里放上一颗葡萄（没有任何猴子来吃它），这就足以引起雌僧帽猴的怨恨。
presence n. 出现
induce vt. ①引起；导致；②劝说；诱使
resent vt. 怨恨；愤愤不平；愤怒；憎恨。—— resentment n. 怨恨；愤恨。
总结：第四段是说，这个实验的结果，即：猴子也是会像人那样感到不公平的，遇到不公平，也会生气，和人一模一样。遇到更加不公平的时候，甚至都发怒了。
