根据考研英语一大纲可知,考研英语一翻译是英译汉,所占总分值为15分,翻译题主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。今天新航道考研英语给大家整理了2022考研英语一翻译文章逐句精讲（一），希望对大家有帮助。
2022年的真题选自书籍：The Man Who Broke Napoleon's Codes: The Story of George Scovell，作者叫做：马克·厄本（Mark Urban），他之前是个军官，后来退役了，成了一名记者，2022的真题是这本书的前言（preface）中，前四段的内容，内容比较难，也比较陌生，能得 5 分的，都是绝顶高手。下面是原书：
Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. It took place on many different planes: between Napoleon’s French Army and the angry inhabitants; between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor’s difficulties, and the marshals sent from Paris to try to keep them in check; between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth. (46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.
I first discovered the Napoleonic code-breaking battle a few years ago when I was reading Sir Charles Oman’s epic History of the Peninsular War. In volume V he had attached an appendix, “The Scovell Ciphers.” (47) It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French Army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters. Oman rated Scovell’s significance highly, but at the same time, the general nature of his Historymeant that (48) he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself. Keen to read more, I was surprised to find that Oman’s appendix, published in 1914, was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret war.
I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War. The question was, could it be told?
Studying Scovell’s papers at the Public Record Office, London, I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes about his work in the Peninsula. What was more, many original French dispatches had been preserved in this collection, which, I realized, was priceless. (49) There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on.
As I researched Scovell’s story, I found far more of interest besides his intelligence work. His status in Lord Wellington’s headquarters and the recognition given to him for his work were bound up with the class politics of the Army at the time. His story of self-improvement and hard work would make a fascinating biography in its own right, but represents something more than that. (50) Just as the code-breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.
【精读精讲】
第一段
①Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. ②It took place on many different planes: between Napoleon’s French Army and the angry inhabitants; between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor’s difficulties, and the marshals sent from Paris to try to keep them in check; between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth. ③(46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.
①Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle.
between部分是间接状语
Iberian adj. 伊比利亚的，西班牙和葡萄牙的（地理知识）
peninsula n. 半岛
括号里面是解释说明
comprise vt. 包含，包括
scene n. 现场，发生地点
Titanic adj. 巨大的（泰坦尼克号）
merciless adj. 残忍的，无情的
struggle n. 搏斗，战斗
【完整译文】
① 在1804年到1814年间，伊比利亚半岛（包含西班牙和葡萄牙）是一场规模巨大而残忍的斗争（战争）的发生地。
② 从1804年到1814年，伊比利亚半岛（包含西班牙和葡萄牙）发生了一场规模巨大而残忍的斗争（战争）。
