SAT备考 | SAT文法知识点第20期

SAT文法知识系列栏目说明：每期分享3-5个文法知识点，帮助大家更好地备考SAT。
一、简洁
1. 含义：
语法规则表达准确，并且句子结构表达简洁。
2. 类型：
(1) 简洁题
3. 用法
(1) 在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项。
例如1: American bats have perished 1 from a disease referred to as WNS.
例句2: American bats have perished due to WNS.
解析：两个例句语法表达都准确，但例句2表述比例句1更简洁。
题目检测
题目检测 1
Isabel Allende, the author of The House of the Spirits, currently resides in California, but she was raised in Chile, being born in Peru first. 
A. NO CHANGE
B. Being raised in Chile, after being born in Peru, Isabel Allende, now residing in California, wrote The House of the Sprits.
C. Born in Peru and raised in Chile, Isabel Allende, the author of The House of the Spirits, now resides in California.
D. Raised in Chile, and now she resides in California, Isabel Allende, a Peruvian, is the author of The House of the Sprits.
解析：通过长短选项看出是简洁的考点，根据“在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项”的原则，原文的逻辑关系是先出生、再成长、最后定居的时间顺序，所以A、B和D逻辑顺序错误，所以选C。
题目检测 2
In the emerging field of civil engineering, complicated computer models are being used to create more intricate and efficient designs designed by computer models.
A. NO CHANGE
B. designs that are intricate and efficient through computer modeling.
C. intricate and efficient origami designs. 
D. DELETE the underlined portion.
解析：通过长短选项看出是简洁的考点，根据“在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项”的原则，D项虽然为最简洁形式，但会导致原文句子不完整，跟“语法准确”的原则相违背，故排除；而A和B项的computer modeling与原文重复，故排除；所以选C。
题目检测 3
Although this fungus is widespread in the United States, tree frog populations in Colorado have high survival rates and appear to not be seriously affected by the disease. 
A. NO CHANGE
B. Although this fungus is widespread where there are also tree frog populations 
C. Although this fungus, the chytrid fungus, is widespread
D. Although this fungus can be found in many locations where there are also tree frog populations
解析：通过长短选项看出是简洁的考点，根据“在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项”的原则，B和D项的tree frog populations与原文内容重复，而C项的fungus选项内重复，故排除三项；而A项是最简洁形式，且语法表达准确，所以选A。
题目检测 4
This electrostatic attraction, which is an attraction referred to as intermolecular hydrogen bonding, contributes to the surface tension that sustains the weight 
of water striders and some other insects.
A. NO CHANGE
B. an attraction which is referred to as 
C. a type of hydrogen bonding referred to as 
D. referred to as 
解析：通过长短选项看出是简洁的考点，根据“在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项”的原则，A和B项的attraction与原文内容重复，而C项的hydrogen bonding也与原文重复，故排除三项；而D项是最简洁形式，且语法表达准确，所以选D。
题目检测 5
The Executive Chef certification, the less prestigious of the two positions with 165 North American pastry chefs holding the title, requires at least three years of practical work experience and over 100 hours of taking classes in Nutrition, Management, and Food Safety and Sanitation courses. 
A. NO CHANGE
B. taking classes in the subjects of  
C. classes in
D. DELETE the underlined portion. 
解析：通过长短选项看出是简洁的考点，根据“在语法准确的基础上，找表达最简洁的选项”的原则，A、B和C项的classes与原文内容courses重复，故排除三项；而D项是最简洁形式，且语法表达准确，所以选D。